beaked panicgrass nc ecotype. 45 4. beaked panicgrass nc ecotype

 
45 4beaked panicgrass nc ecotype  240 1200000

The seedhead (inflorescence) is an open panicle 6 to 14 inches long (15 to 35 cm) and each spikelet 1⁄4” to 1/8” long. Panicum anceps Michx. 00 % Carex scoparia, PA Ecotype Blunt Broom Sedge, PA Ecotype 81. m. 2–13 mm. Food Plots. It is native to the southeastern United States, where it occurs as far north as New Jersey. 00 % Juncus effusus, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Soft Rush, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 48. 00 % Juncus effusus Soft Rush 48. 00 % Elymus virginicus, AR Ecotype Virginia Wildrye, AR Ecotype 9. 20 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. Beaked panicgrass has a very short membranous ligule that is irregular shaped. 00 22. 0% Panicum virgatum, 'Carthage', NC Ecotype (Switchgrass, ‘Carthage’, NC Ecotype) 10. 0% Elymus canadensis (Canada Wildrye) 10. beaked panicgrass. Switchgrass is a perennial, warm-season ornamental grass that is native to North Carolina. 006 LB PLS MONFIS03 Wild Bergamot, Fort Indiantown Gap-PA Ecotype 0. 00 % Panicum amarum, Atlantic-VA Ecotype Coastal Panicgrass, Atlantic-VA Ecotype 10. wide; sheaths loose; ligule tiny; inflorescence at stem tip, dark reddish, rigid, branches pressed to axis or ascending-spreading; spikelets lance-shape, to 1/8 in. 5% Panicum anceps, SC Ecotype (Beaked Panicgrass, SC Ecotype) 20. Curated and maintained by: USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team. 75 5. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. 20 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. The compiled plant list for the site currently contains 609 species in 331 genera and 107 familes. Panicum anceps, VA Ecotype Beaked Panicgrass, VA Ecotype Bunchgrass; provides food and cover for wildlife; forage is of good value for cattle; seeds are eaten by upland. Redtop Panicgrass Panicum rigidulum Common 0. 7% Panicum anceps, SC Ecotype (Beaked Panicgrass, SC Ecotype) 45. (Greenwhite Sedge, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 20. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype 57. (Virginia Wildrye, AR Ecotype) 14. 40 Add to cart. Erosion: Beaked panicgrass is used for the revegetation of surfaces such as mined land, logging sites, timber roads, and other disturbed areas. NC Ecotype Path Rush, NC Ecotype 79. 00 % Panicum anceps, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype Beaked Panicgrass, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype 43. . Notes. Form of Panicum amarum Elliott var. 0% Rudbeckia hirta (Blackeyed Susan)USDA Plant Code: PAAN Light Requirement: full sun - part shade Soil Moisture: medium/moist Leaves: deciduous Protected Plant: no Commonly Available at Nurseries : no Growth Habits: graminoid, Hardiness Zone: both Salt Tolerance : no Drought Tolerance: no Birds, Mammals and Other Wildlife: yes Riparian Buffers: yes All Pollinators: yes Native. 60 0. 28. 26. COMMON NAME:Beaked Panicum, Beaked Panicgrass. Beaked panicgrass in the winter, then protein and energy supplements are necessary. 44. 50 % Monarda fistulosa, Fort Indiantown Gap-PA Ecotype Wild Bergamot, Fort Indiantown Gap-PA. Plants like P. It also includes grasses such as beaked panicgrass (Panicum. 00 % Carex scoparia, PA Ecotype Blunt Broom Sedge, PA Ecotype 81. Berg National Plant Materials Center, Beltsville, Maryland CC0 Panicum amarum 'Dewy Blue' inflorescence taken at North Carolina Arboretum,. Panicum anceps is a species of grass known by the common name beaked panicgrass. 0% Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype (Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype) 5. 60 9. 60 25. 00 % Panicum virgatum, NJ Ecotype Switchgrass, NJ Ecotype 14. 60 2. beaked panicgrass. 40 1. Culms: Slender, erect or ascending, hollow, flattened near base, glabrous to scabrous. 5% Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype (Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype) 5. (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype)bluestem, and beaked panicgrass It is our intention to update the list over time as we learn more about what has and has not worked well in Coastal Plain meadow projects, so please send us your feedback. anceps, per Weakley's Flora (2015). 80 5. Green Milkweed* Asclepias viridiflora x x x x x Calico Aster Aster lateriflorus x x x x x New England Aster Aster novae-angliae x x x Deer like this species Aromatic Aster Aster oblongifolius x x Limestone sites only Late Purple Aster Aster patens x x x x Heath Aster Aster pilosus x x x x x Zigzag Aster Aster prenanthoides x x x x x Purplestem Aster Aster. 31. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype 57. anceps is a perennial grass of the Poaceae family native to North America [1] with flat, elongated leaf blades that are smooth or pubescent. integrifolium wild quinine Penstemon canescens eastern gray beardtongue. 60 25. OBL Wetland Mix. The panicle is long and spreading, with slightly curved spikelets, and the inflorescence measures 6 to 16. It is native to the southeastern United States, where it occurs as far north as New Jersey and as far west as Kansas and Texas. Repot after 2x growth. 0% Heliopsis helianthoides, PA Ecotype (Oxeye Sunflower, PA Ecotype) Individual Seed Species. Leaf blade width. 0% Elymus virginicus, PA Ecotype (Virginia Wildrye, PA Ecotype) 15. NC Ecotype Path Rush, NC Ecotype 79. (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal. 6% Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 11. edu North American Native Plant Society. 00 % Chamaecrista nictitans, NC Ecotype Sensitive Pea, NC. 3% Rudbeckia hirta (Blackeyed Susan) Beaked Panicgrass, SC Ecotype. 60 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. County Extension Office locations, extension. 0% Carex albolutescens, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype. 00 % Chamaecrista fasciculata, FL Ecotype Partridge Pea, FL Ecotype 12. 5707 team@wetlandplantsinc. Glume relative length. 00 % Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype River Oats, WV Ecotype 96. Beaked panicgrass is a native, warm season perennial and a member of the grass family (Poaceae). 40 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype)Despite the Gordon’s relatively small size (ca. 008 0. 20. 2013 Price List - Ernst Conservation Seeds1 Common Name Scientific Name Form area to plant Region best suited Green Ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica tree semi- wet/ edges, swamp forests, streams statewide Red Maple Acer rubrum tree semi- wet/ edges, swamp forests, streams statewide Box Elder Acer negundo tree semi- wet/ edges, swamp forests, streams statewide yes Tulip Poplar. (Virginia Wildrye, AR Ecotype) 10. 0% Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype. 0% Elymus virginicus (Virginia Wildrye) 5. Beaked Panicgrass, NC Ecotype. 20 15. 80 100. (Virginia Wildrye, PA Ecotype) 12. Carex microrhyncha small-beak sedge Bastrop County Monocots, Grasses, Ferns & Allies Prepared by the Lost Pines Chapter, Texas Master Naturalists - 02/21/2014 Page 2. Alisma subcordatum, PA Ecotype $ 192. 47 21. 00 % Carex lurida, PA Ecotype Lurid Sedge, PA Ecotype 67. C. Beaked panicgrass in the winter, then protein and energy supplements are necessary. 10. Bunchgrass; provides food and cover for wildlife; forage is of good value for cattle; seeds are eaten by upland birds. 20 7. 3% Asclepias tuberosa, PA Ecotype (Butterfly Milkweed, PA Ecotype) 2. 00 % Juncus effusus Soft Rush 48. Download Info Sheet. 7. $ 14. 0% Rudbeckia hirta (Blackeyed Susan) 2. 5-2. e seed must be placed at a 1. 00 % Carex lurida, PA Ecotype Lurid Sedge, PA Ecotype 67. 70 % Helenium flexuosum, VA Ecotype. ecotype if available. 00 % Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype River Oats, WV Ecotype 96. 00 100. The blades are elongated, flat, glabrous to pubescent, and range in widths of 1⁄4 to 1⁄2 inch wide. 60 24. 0% Chamaecrista fasciculata, FL Ecotype (Partridge Pea, FL Ecotype)20. T. The most common method is by rhizomes, which form pure stands in large clumps. 40 % Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype River Oats, WV Ecotype 96. Data Documentation. variable panicgrass 89% Dichanthelium commutatum. 5% Eupatorium perfoliatum, PA Ecotype (Boneset, PA Ecotype)Species Characteristics. 22. 49. 0% Carex scoparia, PA Ecotype (Blunt Broom Sedge, PA Ecotype)1. grass-forb combo. beaked panicgrass 89% Coleataenia anceps. Panicgrass, Beaked (Panicum anceps) Relatively short grass typically inhabiting moist areas. 00 % Agrostis hyemalis, Piedmont NC Ecotype. Beaked Panicgrass, SC Ecotype. 0%. To see larger pictures, click or hover over the thumbnails. 00 % Mix Price/Lb Bulk: $19. 00 % Rudbeckia hirta Blackeyed Susan 31. 0% Panicum anceps, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype (Beaked Panicgrass, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype) 10. 20 1. Care Summary for Beaked Panic Grass. Add to Project. 2 vols. to 5 p. (Virginia Wildrye, Madison-NY Ecotype) 16. 0% Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype (River Oats, WV Ecotype) 3. 40 0. 0% Helianthus angustifolius, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype (Narrowleaf Sunflower, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 1. 10. 5. 00 % Panicum clandestinum, Tioga Deertongue, Tioga 22. 7% Helenium autumnale, Northern VA Ecotype (Common Sneezeweed, Northern VA Ecotype) 0. 15. NC Ecotype (Path Rush, NC Ecotype) 0. Wildlife; Forage; Landscaping; Restoration;Browse pictures and read growth / cultivation information about Beaked Panicgrass (Panicum anceps) supplied by member gardeners in the PlantFiles database at Dave's Garden. 00 % Mix Price/Lb Bulk:. 60 11. Beaked Panicgrass . 0% Carex lurida, PA Ecotype (Lurid Sedge, PA Ecotype) 3. 20 Add to cart;. 7 mm. Add to Project. (Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype) 12. Stellate sedge. Item Number: ERNMX-511. 022 0. Beaked panicgrass is a three-foot tall, warm season grass. Native gardens are not only a hot new trend, but are proving to be beneficial for the environment and animal life. 00 % Elymus virginicus, AR Ecotype Virginia Wildrye, AR Ecotype 9. 0% Chamaecrista nictitans, NC Ecotype (Sensitive Pea, NC Ecotype) 0. 40 1. Big Bluestem, ‘Southlow’-MI Ecotype. OBL Wetland Mix. 0% Carex albolutescens, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype (Greenwhite Sedge, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 3. 00 % Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype River Oats, WV Ecotype 96. 00 2. 20 1. Morrone - Winged Panicgrass. 00 % Vernonia noveboracensis, PA Ecotype New York Ironweed, PA Ecotype 264. 252. Wetland Indicator reflects the estimated probability of the species being found in a wetland setting vs. 7% Panicum anceps, SC Ecotype (Beaked Panicgrass, SC Ecotype) 45. 8. 40 % Elymus virginicus, PA Ecotype Virginia Wildrye, PA Ecotype 10. 36 5. (Virginia Wildrye, PA Ecotype) 12. 0% Panicum amarum, Atlantic-VA Ecotype (Coastal Panicgrass, Atlantic-VA Ecotype) 26. native grasses. 50 % Chamaecrista fasciculata, PA Ecotype Partridge Pea,. While the formula may change, the guiding philosophy and function of the mix will not. native shrubs. 40 Add to cart; Add to Wishlist. Call For pricing and availability, call 850-948-6294 or email [email protected] anceps, VA Ecotype Beaked Panicgrass, VA Ecotype Bunchgrass; provides food and cover for wildlife; forage is of good value for cattle; seeds are eaten by upland birds. 00 each 25 or more $2. Beaked panicgrass is a three-foot tall, warm season grass. S. Leaves are folded, red-streaked leaves and cured beak spikelets are often helpful identifying features. Click on the carousel image to display a larger version (if available). 00 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. 20. - Berg's panicgrass P: Panicum bisulcatum Thunb. on spikelets are common, and fall panicgrass (Panicum dichotomiflorum)which has distinctly zigzag stems, lateral stems creeping along ground. 02. The culms are glabrous, erect and up to 4 feet tall. 4% Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype (River Oats, WV Ecotype) 7. 00 % Carex albolutescens, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Greenwhite Sedge, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 86. 00 % Elymus virginicus, PA Ecotype Virginia Wildrye, PA Ecotype 10. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype 57. 50 % Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype 57. 40 27. Some typical species found in examples of this system include big bluestem, yellow Indiangrass, beaked panicgrass, switchgrass, eastern gammagrass, little bluestem, ashy sunflower, fewleaf sunflower, threeleaf rosinweed, and prairie-dock. In growing indigenous plants, the native species of insects, birds, and other animals, benefit from the food and shelter these plants provide. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. Schizacharium scoparium, (little bluestem), Coleataenia anceps (beaked panicgrass), Eragrostis spectabilis (purple love grass). 8% Vernonia noveboracensis, PA Ecotype (New York Ironweed, PA Ecotype) 0. 36 21. Eastern Time. 45 4. Photo by Bill Harms. Jose Hernandez. 40 45. Biologists have recorded dramatic declines in insect pollinators, especially our. (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 20. Wildlife: Deer graze on beaked panicgrass. 40 27. NC Ecotype Sensitive Pea, NC Ecotype 57. Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Woolgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 115. 1. 0% Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype (Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype) Coleataenia anceps (Beaked Panicgrass) — Wetland Plants Inc Formerly Panicum anceps Rhizomatous, high bird use, good for erosion control in shade. 60 3. This grass grows from 2 to 4 feet tall (60 to 120 cm). 00 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. 00 % Juncus effusus, 'Suther'-Piedmont NC Ecotype Soft Rush, 'Suther'-Piedmont NC Ecotype 96. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype 57. (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 20. Americus, Georgia Greensboro, North Carolina. 224 LB PLS PANANC01 Beaked Panicgrass, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype 0. It ranges from New Jersey to Kansas south to Florida and Texas. 00 % Rudbeckia hirta Blackeyed Susan 31. 11. Determined by M. 00 % Andropogon gerardii, 'Prairie View'-IN Ecotype Big Bluestem, 'Prairie View'-IN Ecotype 11. 20 7. Find the exact seeds you need for your project using the advanced search and filtering options of our Seed Finder Tool: Individual Seed Species. 0% Juncus tenuis, NC Ecotype (Path Rush, NC Ecotype) 0. Arkansas: Distribution:Mix Composition. 70 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. 0% Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype. 20 5. Mon 7am - 5pm. Images. Mix formulations are subject to change without notice depending on the availability of existing and new products. 1. Green Milkweed* Asclepias viridiflora x x x x x Calico Aster Aster lateriflorus x x x x x New England Aster Aster novae-angliae x x x Deer like this species Aromatic Aster Aster oblongifolius x x Limestone sites only Late Purple Aster Aster patens x x x x Heath Aster Aster pilosus x x x x x Zigzag Aster Aster prenanthoides x x x x x Purplestem Aster Aster. National Plant Materials Center (NPMC) staff helped the authors to establish breeder blocks. Tue 7am - 5pm. 80 % Elymus virginicus, AR Ecotype Virginia Wildrye, AR Ecotype 9. 00 % Juncus effusus Soft Rush 48. 60. Strong, US National Herbarium. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, PA Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, PA Ecotype 57. 0% Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype (River Oats, WV Ecotype) 10. Find the exact seeds you need for your project using the advanced search and filtering options of our Seed Finder Tool: 0. Nat. Andropogon gerardii, 'Southlow'-MI Ecotype. Find the exact seeds you need for your project using the advanced search and filtering options of our Seed Finder Tool:Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Duck Potato, Alligatorweed, Pig weed and more. long, to 1/2 in. 0% Juncus effusus 2. 04 10. Beaked Panicgrass in Anne Arundel Co. The second glume is curved at the end like a bird’s beak, hence the. Add to Project. Switchgrass, ‘Carthage’, NC Ecotype. 75 15. 5 feet tall; with the upper half devoid of leaves and with a terminal, open inflorescence. Scientific plant list. Seed of each species was wild collected using methods that maximize the capture of genetic diversity. 5-2. BioDiversity4All taxon page; Biodiversity Heritage Library; BOLD Systems BIN search; eFloras. This species is a rhizomatous perennial grass with stems growing up to 1. 0% Agrostis hyemalis, Piedmont NC Ecotype (Winter Bentgrass, Piedmont NC Ecotype)Annuals or perennials. 80 9. NC Ecotype Path Rush, NC Ecotype 79. 00 % Vernonia noveboracensis, PA Ecotype New York Ironweed, PA Ecotype 264. 0% Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype. 0% Elymus virginicus, PA Ecotype (Virginia Wildrye, PA Ecotype) 15. Beaked Panicgrass, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype. 20. 0% Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype (River Oats, WV Ecotype) 3. Email: [email protected] Fax: (814) 336-5191 Payment: We accept VISA, MASTERCARD, DISCOVER, and AMERICAN EXPRESS. 0% Elymus virginicus, Madison-NY Ecotype (Virginia Wildrye, Madison-NY Ecotype) 5. This mix contains fox sedge, redtop panicgrass, and Virginia wildrye, plus 15 species of wildflowers (includ-ing one legume). 60 21. The Coleataenia anceps got its common name, beaked panicgrass, from its seeds which are curved like a beak. 20 26. beaked panicgrass. Virginia wildrye is a three-foot tall, showy, cool season grass. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. 00 Switchgrass is a perennial, warm-season ornamental grass that is native to North Carolina. 0% Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 2. 00 % Panicum virgatum, 'Carthage', NC Ecotype Switchgrass, 'Carthage', NC Ecotype 11. 0% Carex vulpinoidea, PA Ecotype. Durham, NC 27708. 21. - Berg's Panicgrass. 00 % Carex vulpinoidea, PA Ecotype Fox Sedge, PA Ecotype 28. Big Bluestem, Albany Pine Bush-NY Ecotype. 80 0. 0% Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 25. 0% Panicum virgatum, 'Carthage', NC Ecotype (Switchgrass, ‘Carthage’, NC Ecotype) 10. Beaked Panicum is a perennial, warm-season, native that can reach from 18 to 48 inches or 45 to 122 cm tall. 1. 0% Carex vulpinoidea, PA Ecotype. 00 % Elymus virginicus, Madison-NY Ecotype Virginia Wildrye, Madison-NY Ecotype 10. 00 % Panicum virgatum, 'Carthage', NC Ecotype Switchgrass, 'Carthage', NC Ecotype 12. 0% Panicum anceps, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype (Beaked Panicgrass, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype) 23. 60 3. 60 20. This species forms occasional hybrids with linear-leaved panicgrass ( Dichanthelium linearifolium) and long-stalked panicgrass ( Dichanthelium perlongum ). ) Soreng rules for finding collection records Coleataenia anceps (1933) Panicum anceps (2918) Panicum rhizomatum (86) family name Poaceae. & Chase, Contr. 0% Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype. North Carolina, South Carolina:10. 21. The leaves of ssp. beaked panicgrass 1, 2, 3 part shade Parthenium integrifolium var. 3% Coreopsis lanceolata (Lanceleaf Coreopsis) 4. 0% Carex lurida, PA Ecotype (Lurid Sedge, PA Ecotype) 15. 15 2 to 4 Grass Perennial Juncus effusus Soft Rush 0. 7% Carex albolutescens, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype. Mix Composition. 10. Add to Project. Leaves: lamina variable, from linear to ovate. 6% Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype (Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype) 11. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. Panicum anceps, SC Ecotype $ 43. Beaked Panicgrass in Anne Arundel Co. 20. Herbaceous Plants . , Maryland (8/25/2012). the flowers are attached to branches rather than to the main axis of the inflorescence. 00 % Carex vulpinoidea, PA Ecotype Fox Sedge,. 00 % Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype River Oats, WV Ecotype 96. Note: States and agencies listed with the native grasses refer to the genetic origin. 0% Carex scoparia, PA Ecotype (Blunt Broom Sedge, PA Ecotype) 2. 180 832000. 50 %. 5% Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype. 7% Vernonia noveboracensis, PA Ecotype (New York Ironweed, PA Ecotype) 0. 00 % Chasmanthium latifolium, WV Ecotype River Oats, WV Ecotype. Edenton, NC 27932. 00 % Panicum rigidulum, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype Redtop Panicgrass, Coastal Plain NC Ecotype 57. Panicum anceps, Eastern Shore MD Ecotype $ 43. 10. 00 3. 0%. Item Number: ERNMX-131. Panicum amarum bitter panicgrass N Poaceae Monocot FACU-, FAC Carya cordiformis bitternut hickory N Juglandaceae Dicot FACU+, FAC. The common dolphin was originally categorized into two different species (now thought to be ecotypes), the short-beaked common dolphin and the long-beaked common dolphin. 60 2. 40 0.